DOMAIN | EXTERNAL STAGE (6 and under) |
Moralization of Attachment Bedrock value: connectedness | Mutual affection and caring establishes parent-child relationship as primary, powerful, and permanent. Security-empathy-oughtness bond engenders trust and trust-worthiness. |
Moral-emotional Responsiveness Bedrock value: harmony | Emotions are modulated around a baseline state of am good-feel good. Moral teaching arouses fear-related emotions associated with harm and trouble as well as pleasant emotions associated with pleasing parents. Wrongdoing quickly righted with desire to return to play. |
Moral Valuation Authority-derived Peer-derived Self-derived Bedrock value: balance | Value-sensitive routines are learned, fostering
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Moral Volition Bedrock value: autonomy | A commitment to restraint is chosen. Impish pleasure is restrained. |
Conceptualization Bedrock value: meaning | To be good means doing what parents say. To be bad means getting in trouble. |
DOMAIN | BRAIN-HEART STAGE (ages seven to eleven) |
Moralization of Attachment Bedrock value: connectedness | Moral attachment is strengthened through parent reinforcement of rules. Positive reinforcement includes affection, praise, and priveleges. Parents also use anger, limit setting, time outs, grounding, spanking, and withdrawal of affection or priveleges. Other adults, especially teachers, strengthen the power of moral attachment as extenders of parent authority. |
Moral-emotional Responsiveness Bedrock value: harmony | Sensitivity to displeasing. Moral anxiety over secret misdeads. Anticipatory anxiety used to prevent moral mistakes. Discovery of moral mood. Compliance and pleasing insure a good mood. Psychophysiological awareness at surface of body. Reparation and healing involve more steps. |
Moral Valuation Authority-derived Peer-derived Self-derived Bedrock value: balance | Value-sensitive rules are deduced from parent-prescribed routines and other moral learning situations. Internalized values include
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Moral Volition Bedrock value: autonomy | Commitment to mastery and sufficiency. Rules are interpreted rigidly. |
Conceptualization Bedrock value: meaning | Inside me, my brain lets me know about right and wrong. My parents give it rules for me to live by. My feelings also let me know when I have done wrong. |
DOMAIN | PERSONIFIED STAGE (ages twelve to thirteen) |
Moralization of Attachment Bedrock value: connectedness | Moralization of attachment is strengthened through older child's understanding of parenting role and its responsibilities. Parent discipline is affirmed as a right and a duty. Basis of parent power is experience, wisdom, and responsibility. Parent authority has been internalized. Dialogues of disagreement may occur without break in security-empathy-oughtness bond. |
Moral-emotional Responsiveness Bedrock value: harmony | Development of short-term depressive symptoms over wrongdoing. Morally associated psychophysiological responses noted in interiour of body. Reparative processes involve systained sorrow, desire to process wrong doing with outside party, and desire to seek advice. Healing involves soliture, listening to music, reading, talking to friends, showing affection. |
Moral Valuation
Authority-derived | Realization that value-sensitive rules are embedded in the context of relationships. Such rules value
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Moral Volition Bedrock value: autonomy | Commitment to virtuous striving. |
Conceptualization Bedrock value: meaning | My conscience is like a little someone within me that informs, guides, chides, and encourages me to be a better person. |
DOMAIN | CONFUSED STAGE (ages fourteen to fifteen) |
Moralization of Attachment Bedrock value: connectedness | Episodic devaluation of parents' and other authority figures' ideas, interspersed with sharply contrasting idealization. Other adults may be seen as idols. Strength of security-empathy-oughtness bond fosters a mostly compliant and respectful attitude, in spite of episodic devaluation. Parents provide moral staying power during the individuation process. |
Moral-emotional Responsiveness Bedrock value: harmony | Sensitivity to subtle forms of psychological exposure. Taking a moral stand creates anxiety. Strong peaks and valleys in mood associated with moral success or wrongdoing. Nagging thoughts, empty feeling, moodiness, desire for solitude, irritability, tearfulness, and decreased social or academic performance. Spurts of energy take on healing value. |
Moral Valuation
| Requirement to deal with dissonance and competition between values of peer group and popular culture versus values derived from authority. Emerging values depend on
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Moral Volition Bedrock value: autonomy | Commitment to ideals. |
Conceptualization Bedrock value: meaning | My conscience is a mixed up entity inside me. Sometimes it helps me and sometimes it doesn't. It doesn't know everything. I have a lot to sort out. |
DOMAIN | INTEGRATING STAGE (ages sixteen and older) |
Moralization of Attachment Bedrock value: connectedness | Security-empathy-oughtness bond allows maintenance of respect for parents in spite of ambivalent feelings about rearing practices. Role of trustworthy adult is played out with younger children and siblings. Thoughts occur about the future parenting role. |
Moral-emotional Responsiveness Bedrock value: harmony | Development of moral peace and courage through mastery of anxiety. Searches personal emotional responses for associated moral features. Recognizes that some reparation may never be complete. Feelings of tolerance toward self and others emerge. |
Moral Valuation Authority-derived Peer-derived
| Realization that no rule applies to every situation. One must live with ones convictions. Emerging values include
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Moral Volition Bedrock value: autonomy | Commitment to individual responsibility. |
Conceptualization Bedrock value: meaning | My conscious is |